Charlottesville, Virginia – Experts in neurology and sleep medicine have found a possible link between sleep quality and the risk of developing dementia. A study published in the journal Neurology in November 2024 examined data from 445 adults aged 65 and older to investigate the impact of sleep on cognitive health. The participants were divided into “good” sleepers and “poor” sleepers and assessed for motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), a precursor to dementia.
The study revealed that 35 percent of participants who experienced extreme daytime sleepiness went on to develop MCR, compared to only 6.7 percent of those who did not have daytime sleepiness. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome is characterized by symptoms such as slow walking and cognitive complaints, indicating potential dementia development. Excessive sleepiness, such as falling asleep during meals or social activities, is a major factor in this syndrome.
Dr. Verna Porter, a neurologist specializing in dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease, emphasized the importance of distinguishing between normal fatigue associated with aging and excessive sleepiness. The study highlighted the impact of poor sleep quality on cognitive function, suggesting a potential connection between sleep and the prevention of dementia.
Research has shown that individuals with inadequate sleep or sleep disorders may have a higher risk of developing dementia. Dr. W. Christopher Winter, a neurologist and sleep medicine physician, explained that the brain’s waste removal system, known as the glymphatic system, functions more effectively during healthy sleep. Inadequate sleep can hinder this process, potentially leading to cognitive decline.
While the exact cause of dementia remains uncertain, experts recommend adopting healthy lifestyle habits to reduce the risk of cognitive decline. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests staying physically active, managing chronic conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Additionally, maintaining a regular sleep schedule and incorporating naps may improve overall sleep quality and cognitive function.
To promote better sleep, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) recommend establishing a consistent sleep routine, getting daily exercise, and avoiding stimulants like nicotine and caffeine before bedtime. Creating a relaxing sleep environment, limiting screen time before bed, and seeking medical advice if sleep problems persist can also contribute to improved sleep quality. Consulting with a healthcare provider or sleep specialist can help individuals address underlying sleep issues and prioritize cognitive health.