Baltimore, Maryland – Stroke remains a major health concern, with one in six deaths from cardiovascular disease in the United States attributed to stroke. More than 100 million people globally have experienced a stroke, which is a leading cause of serious long-term disability. February marks American Heart Month, during which the American Heart Association highlights the importance of focusing on cardiovascular health, including stroke prevention efforts.
To better understand strokes, their causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment, CNN wellness expert Dr. Leana Wen provides valuable insights. Dr. Wen, who is an emergency physician and adjunct associate professor at George Washington University, explains that strokes come in two main types: ischemic stroke, caused by a blockage or reduction of blood supply to the brain, and hemorrhagic stroke, resulting from an artery leaking or bursting in the brain.
Strokes are medical emergencies that can lead to permanent neurological deficits or even death. Early detection is crucial, as every three minutes and 11 seconds, someone in the US loses their life to a stroke, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dr. Wen emphasizes the significance of recognizing transient ischemic attacks (TIA), also known as mini-strokes, as warning signs that a full stroke may follow.
Understanding the risk factors for stroke is essential in prevention efforts. Medical conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disorders, as well as lifestyle factors such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity, contribute to increased stroke risk. Additionally, age, race, and gender play significant roles in stroke susceptibility, with older individuals, Black individuals, and women facing higher risks.
Early diagnosis of stroke is vital in improving treatment outcomes. Brain imaging studies, along with physical exams and blood tests, aid in diagnosing strokes accurately. Treatment approaches differ based on stroke type, with ischemic strokes typically managed with clot-busting medicines within a strict time window of three hours. Hemorrhagic strokes require individualized treatment plans based on clinical circumstances.
Recognizing the signs of stroke using the BE FAST acronym – balance, eyes, face, arm, speech, and time – is crucial for quick intervention. Dr. Wen highlights the importance of immediate action in response to stroke symptoms to prevent irreversible damage. Additionally, adopting healthy lifestyle habits, managing medical conditions, and following prescribed treatments are key steps individuals can take to reduce their stroke risk.
In conclusion, understanding the complexities surrounding strokes, including their causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, is essential for promoting better cardiovascular health and well-being. By staying informed and proactive, individuals can take significant steps towards reducing their risk of stroke and improving their overall quality of life.