Chicago, Illinois – Trillions of periodical cicadas are set to emerge in various states across the United States this spring, creating a buzzing spectacle that occurs every 13 or 17 years. In 2024, the emergence of two broods, Brood XIX on a 13-year cycle and Brood XIII on a 17-year cycle, is anticipated in locations like the Midwest, Southeast, and primarily Illinois.
According to experts, cicadas surface from underground when the soil temperature hits 64 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating that the timing of their emergence varies depending on the climate of the region. The loud buzzing sound produced by male cicadas is a mating call to attract females, who then lay hundreds of eggs in woody plants using their ovipositor. After hatching, the offspring burrow into the ground, where they will remain for another 13 or 17 years.
Cicadas are not harmful to humans or animals, although their molting process may leave behind exoskeletons that can emit an unpleasant odor resembling roadkill. While wildlife like birds and snakes may consume cicadas, it is generally not harmful, even if pets decide to nibble on them. Consuming cicadas is also an option for humans, but caution is advised for individuals allergic to shellfish.
The emergence of cicadas brings attention to the unique phenomenon of their life cycle, wherein infected cicadas may exhibit peculiar behavior due to a sexually transmitted fungus called Massospora cicadina. Despite concerns, experts suggest that the impact on other wildlife remains minimal, as only a small percentage of cicadas are affected.
As cicadas feed on trees and bushes by piercing twigs to extract nutrients, precautions like placing nets around small trees and shrubs are recommended to protect vegetation from damage during the emergence. While some may mistake cicadas for locusts, it is important to note that cicadas do not pose a threat to plant life, as they solely emerge for the purpose of mating and laying eggs.
In conclusion, the upcoming cicada emergence presents a natural spectacle that offers a fascinating insight into the life cycle and behaviors of these intriguing insects. As they make their appearance across various locations, observers can witness firsthand the remarkable phenomenon of periodical cicadas resurfacing after years spent underground.