London, UK – A recent report has revealed that nuclear-armed countries are bolstering their arsenals and introducing new nuclear-armed or nuclear-capable weapons systems amid escalating geopolitical tensions. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) published the report, identifying nine nuclear states, including the United States, Russia, China, and North Korea, who continue to modernize their weapons stockpiles.
According to SIPRI, while the global total of nuclear warheads has been gradually decreasing as Cold War-era weapons are dismantled, there has been a concerning increase in the number of operational nuclear warheads year-on-year. As of January 2024, the global stockpile of warheads was estimated at 12,121, with the majority kept in military stockpiles for potential use.
The report also highlights that Russia and the US possess the majority of nuclear weapons, with both nations owning nearly 90 percent of all nuclear weapons. Despite stability in the number of usable warheads in these countries, Russia has deployed more warheads with operational forces than in the previous year. China has also seen growth in its nuclear arsenal, with an estimated increase in warheads from 410 to 500.
SIPRI’s report points out that North Korea’s military nuclear program remains a central element of its national security strategy, with estimates suggesting the country possesses about 50 warheads. There are concerns that North Korea may intend to use its arsenal of tactical nuclear weapons early in a conflict.
The institute also emphasized the impact of recent events, such as the wars in Ukraine and Gaza, on nuclear diplomacy on the global stage. Russia’s suspension of participation in a nuclear arms control treaty and threats involving the use of nuclear weapons have added to tensions.
Furthermore, the report highlights the need for continued vigilance and diplomacy to address the growing nuclear challenges, as nuclear weapons play a more prominent role in international relations. The evolving landscape of nuclear capabilities among countries underscores the importance of strategic dialogue and peacebuilding efforts to prevent nuclear conflict in the future.