**Protests** at Columbia University Spark Nationwide Outcry: What Happens Next?

New York City police made arrests at Columbia University, a move that resulted in the suspension of Maryam Alwan and other students involved in the “Gaza Solidarity Encampment” protests. The arrests and subsequent suspensions sparked nationwide campus protests against the Israel-Hamas conflict. The suspended students faced uncertainty regarding their academic futures, including concerns about final exams, financial aid, and graduation.

The situation at Columbia and its affiliated Barnard College highlighted the ongoing struggle between students and administrators over anti-war protests and free speech rights. Multiple universities, including Yale, the University of Southern California, Vanderbilt, and the University of Minnesota, took disciplinary actions against students involved in protests related to the Israel-Hamas conflict. Barnard College initially suspended more than 50 students but later restored campus access to most of them with specific conditions, sparking further debates on student rights and protest actions on campus.

Efforts to resolve the situation at Columbia continued, with talks between the university and student protesters ongoing. The protesters demanded the school cut ties with Israel-linked companies and ensure amnesty for students and faculty involved in the protests. International students facing suspension also faced additional challenges, including fears of losing their visas. Legal advocacy groups, such as Palestine Legal, supported students in filing complaints against the schools for alleged discrimination against Palestinian students.

The tensions at various universities reflected a broader struggle to balance free speech rights with inclusivity on college campuses. Some protests included hate speech, anti-Semitic threats, or support for Hamas, further complicating the situation. Commencement ceremonies added pressure to address the demonstrations, with universities emphasizing that arrests and suspensions were used as a last resort after providing warnings to clear protest areas.

In Tennessee, Vanderbilt University faced criticism for expelling students involved in protests related to the Israel-Hamas conflict, prompting an open letter from over 150 professors condemning the university’s actions as excessive. The protests and subsequent disciplinary measures highlighted ongoing debates about protest rights, academic freedom, and campus inclusivity.

As the situation continued to unfold at various universities across the country, students like Jack Petocz faced challenges in navigating the disciplinary actions while also advocating for causes important to them. The clashes between students, administrators, and law enforcement underscored the complex dynamics of activism, academic freedom, and student rights on college campuses.