Cerro Chajnantor, Chile – A groundbreaking new telescope has recently been unveiled atop the Cerro Chajnantor mountain in the Chilean Andes, marking a significant milestone in astronomical research. The Japanese University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory, known as TAO, has been in the making for 26 years, with a primary focus on studying galaxies and exoplanets. Situated at an impressive altitude of 5,640 meters (18,500 feet) above sea level, TAO stands as the highest astronomical site globally, surpassing even the renowned Atacama Large Millimeter Array.
Located in a region known for its high altitude, sparse atmosphere, and arid climate, TAO provides an ideal vantage point for observing the universe in infrared. This unique setting allows for clearer observations as low moisture levels in the atmosphere make Earth transparent to infrared wavelengths. Spearheaded by Professor Yuzuru Yoshii, the construction of TAO presented numerous technical and political challenges, requiring collaboration with Indigenous communities, the Chilean government, local universities, and health authorities to ensure safe and respectful operations.
Equipped with a state-of-the-art 6.5-meter telescope, TAO is poised to revolutionize our understanding of the cosmos through its two cutting-edge instruments – SWIMS and MIMIZUKU. SWIMS aims to capture images of galaxies from the early universe, shedding light on their formation from pristine dust and gas. Meanwhile, MIMIZUKU focuses on studying primordial dust disks where stars and galaxies originate, contributing to a deeper comprehension of cosmic evolution.
The development of TAO involved meticulous planning and cooperation, with the construction process commencing in 2006. Before breaking ground, astronomers and local communities participated in purification rituals and ceremonies on the sacred site of Mt. Chajnantor, emphasizing respect for the land and its significance. A testament to decades of dedication and innovation, TAO represents a beacon of hope for aspiring astronomers and researchers worldwide, promising groundbreaking discoveries and insights into the mysteries of the universe.