Silver Spring, Maryland – Research conducted at the University of Maryland School of Medicine reveals promising findings on the potential benefits of zinc supplementation in reducing the duration of common cold symptoms. The study suggests that zinc could potentially shorten the duration of cold symptoms by around two days, although conclusive evidence is still lacking, and concerns regarding potential side effects remain.
Zinc products have been widely marketed as a treatment for the common cold in the United States since the 1980s, with the mineral playing a crucial role in immune function. While most individuals in high-income countries receive an adequate amount of zinc through their diets, deficiencies may occur in aging individuals and those with chronic diseases.
The mechanism behind zinc-based lozenges, sprays, and syrups is thought to involve interfering with viral replication when in contact with viral particles in the nose, mouth, and throat. Previous studies have shown promising results in petri dishes and animal models, yet the efficacy in real human subjects remains uncertain.
A recent review analyzed a total of 19 trials investigating zinc as a treatment and 15 trials exploring its preventative effects. The results showed a potential reduction in the duration of cold symptoms by approximately two days among participants who received zinc treatment compared to those who received a placebo. However, the evidence regarding the impact of zinc on symptom severity was not conclusive.
Side effects reported in the trials included bowel problems, nausea, and an unpleasant taste, although no significant adverse effects directly linked to zinc supplementation were identified. It is crucial for individuals considering zinc as a cold treatment to weigh the potential benefits against these side effects, emphasizing the importance of consulting a physician before starting any supplementation.
The study authors emphasize the need for further research to establish the true efficacy of zinc in treating the common cold. Standardized methods for administering and reporting treatments, as well as defining and reporting outcomes, are essential for future studies to provide more conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of zinc supplementation.
In conclusion, while zinc shows promise in potentially reducing the duration of cold symptoms, more research is needed to confirm its benefits and address existing uncertainties. The study underscores the importance of evidence-based approaches and further exploration of the role of zinc in common cold treatment.